Refinancing your home can be an excellent way to bring down your monthly
mortgage payment, raise cash, or consolidate debts with high interest rates. However, you
need to do your homework before deciding to refinance. One important factor is the
difference between current interest rates and the rate of your original loan. You also
need to take into account the amount of time it will take to recoup the costs of
refinancing.
When should you refinance? Some common reasons homeowners refinance
include:
Lower monthly mortgage payments
Convert an adjustable rate mortgage (ARM) to a fixed-rate mortgage
Raise funds for family expenses (i.e. college tuition)
Pay off high-interest loans
Home improvements
The old rule of thumb is that you should refinance your home if interest rates fall more
than 2 percent. That's because refinancing usually involves most of the same closing costs
(loan origination fee, prepaid interest, etc.) as the original loan. For anything less
than 2 percent, the savings on your monthly mortgage payment might not be significant
enough to be worth your while.
Savings vs. time
For some homeowners, though, the 2 percent rule is not as important as the time needed to
break even on the refinancing. For instance, if it costs $3,000 to refinance a house, and
the monthly mortgage payment is lowered by $90, it would take almost 3 years for the
savings to cover the costs of refinancing.
If all the information (survey, title search, etc.) for your old loan is still current,
however, the lender may be willing to waive many of the fees. In addition, you may be able
to roll the closing costs of a refinance loan into the new note. In other words, you don't
avoid the closing costs, but instead pay them back over time along with the rest of the
loan. If you consider this option, be sure to calculate the potential savings vs. the
expense of paying off a higher principal balance.
Keep in mind that refinancing usually lengthens the time it takes to pay off your house.
If you are 3 years into a 30-year mortgage and then refinance with a new 30-year loan,
you'll end up making payments on the house for 33 years. Nevertheless, if the monthly
savings are substantial enough, you still could end up paying much less over the long haul
with the new loan.
Adjustable Rate Mortgages (ARMs)
Timing can also be a factor in switching from an ARM to a fixed-rate loan. For example,
rising interest rates might influence you to covert your ARM into a fixed-rate loan if you
plan to stay in your house for several more years.
Conversely, you may plan to move in a year or two, and find a lender who is willing to
offer you dramatic interest rate savings with an ARM. In this case (and as long as the
closing costs are minimal), it might make sense to switch from a fixed-rate loan to an
ARM.
Equity
Refinancing with a new loan doesn't mean you have to give up all the money you've paid
towards your old mortgage. With each payment, you build up a certain amount of equity in a
property--which is the amount you've paid on the principal balance of the loan.
For example, if you have a $100,000 loan at 8 percent, you would build about $2,800 worth
of equity in the first 3 years. Thus, if you refinanced, the new loan would only amount to
$97,200.
Raising cash with home equity loans... use caution
If you've built enough equity, you can refinance in order to take cash out of the
property. Perhaps you need money to pay off your credit cards, add a new bathroom, or
cover the costs of braces for a child. Regardless, lenders will typically allow you to
borrow against the equity you've built in your house, plus appreciation (often up to 75
percent of the current appraised value). These types of loans are also called home equity
loans.
Be cautious, however, of lenders offering 100 percent or 125 percent home equity loans
their rates are often markedly higher than traditional lenders. In addition, any amount
you borrow that is above the market value of the house is NOT tax deductible.
With all the different types of refinancing loans available today, you should take some
time to shop around and speak with several lenders before making a decision. Be sure to
discuss all the expenses and benefits, as well as what will be expected of you, in
advance. The more you educate yourself, the better your chances of finding the right
refinancing package. |
